OVERVIEW: 3D Target Indicators have been used since the late 1960s to provide accurate three-dimensional (azimuth, elevation, and range) positional data of aerial or surface targets. These radar systems are foundational for modern fire control and early warning networks.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION: A 3D Target Indicator radar is a ground- or ship-based system designed to detect and track airborne or surface targets in three dimensions—azimuth, range, and elevation. Unlike 2D radars, 3D indicators incorporate vertical beam-scanning techniques (mechanical, electronic, or stacked beams) to provide altitude data. They are often paired with weapon systems, surveillance networks, or integrated air defense systems for rapid engagement decisions and tracking handoff. Typical applications include air defense coordination, tactical target cueing, and battlefield awareness.

ROLE SUMMARY:
Category: 3D Surveillance/Target Tracking Radar
Primary Use: Target acquisition and tracking
Function: Detects targets and provides full 3D positional data
Platform: Ground-based, shipborne
Integration: Interfaces with IADS, SAM systems, or C2 networks

Type: Pulse-Doppler or mechanically scanned radar

See Specific information under [Sensors/EW] and [Properties] sections.

SOURCE:
NATO Ground-Based Air Defence Radar Compendium
US Army and Soviet-era Tactical Radar Manuals